Roman

Where: Italy and the Latin-speaking provinces
When: roughly the first century BCE to the fifth century CE
What survives: Latin poetry, technical prose, inscriptions and the legal record of repeated expulsions.

12 entries

3 of these entries carry an evidence grade, from a contemporary document or dated object (A) to a modern reconstruction (E).

Claudius PtolemyPerson
The name attached to more of this site's material than any other, and the man underneath it, who names six of the twelve places and is silent about the rest.
Eleventh HouseHouse
The House of the Good Daemon in Ptolemy's own words, ranked third-best by Dorotheus, and Jupiter's joy since Firmicus and still in Lilly.
Fifth HouseHouse
Called Good Fortune in Hellenistic Greek and the house of the child by Dorotheus, who ranked it fourth of the twelve places by strength.
First HouseHouse
The place of the Ascendant itself, the Horoskopos that gave the word horoscope its name, and the one house nearly every named source ranks first.
Heliacal RisingsConceptEvidence grade A of five, A strongest, E weakest: Contemporary insider document, or a dated object
Before calendars were reliable, the year was told by which stars were visible at dawn. The mechanism, the texts that use it, and why the dates drift.
LibraSign
The only sign figured as an object: a Babylonian balance, a Greek claw, and a Roman restoration credited to Julius Caesar.
Ninth HouseHouse
Named God for the Sun in Hellenistic Greek, and the Sun's own joy from Firmicus through Lilly, thirteen centuries and one language apart.
Sixth HouseHouse
Called Bad Fortune in Hellenistic Greek, ranked among the two weakest of the twelve places by Dorotheus, and given as Mars's joy since Firmicus.
The Coligny CalendarPrimary textEvidence grade A of five, A strongest, E weakest: Contemporary insider document, or a dated object
A bronze plaque from Roman Gaul, in Gaulish, recording a five-year lunisolar cycle. The only calendar document from a pre-Christian Celtic-speaking people.
Third HouseHouse
Named Goddess for the Moon in Hellenistic Greek and called her joy by Dorotheus, though Ptolemy's own method for siblings never mentions it.
Twelfth HouseHouse
The House of the Bad Daemon, a place Ptolemy names only to say it should be disregarded, ranked worst of the twelve by Dorotheus and Saturn's own joy.
YuleFestivalEvidence grade B of five, A strongest, E weakest: Near-contemporary outsider report
A midwinter season rather than a solstice-day festival, and the reason the Christmas and Sol Invictus story is weaker than it is usually told.